Transformers

The purpose of a transformer is to change the
voltage from one level to another. A transformer
is composed of three parts: a coil, the primary
winding and the secondary winding. “Windings”
consist of coils of wire wrapped around the core
(which can be made out of iron or metal). If an
electrical current is passed through a wire
wrapped around a piece of iron/metal, the
iron/metal will become magnetized. A magnetic
field is created. This illustrates the
electromagnetic principle. In a transformer, the
electromagnetic principle works as follows:
power is fed into the primary winding. The
electrical current being fed into the primary
winding is transformed into magnetic energy.
The core then carries the magnetic energy to
the secondary winding. Working in reverse, the
secondary winding transforms the magnetic
energy back into electrical energy. It is the turns
in the transformer that give specific primary and
secondary voltages.